CATALOGUE. 263 6 scales; crest of the anthers rounded; pistillate aments subterminal, their scales with erect or spreading points ; cones oval, usually very oblique, and often curved, reflexed, 1^-2' long; scales, especially the lower ones, with largely developed pyramidal knobs in the centre, much smaller on the inner side, armed with strong or sometiines slender, awnlike prickles; seeds black, rough, ridged on the lower side; wing widest below the middle; cotyledons usually 5. Southern Colorado to California, apparently not noticed in Arizona. A valuable timber tree of the northern mountain regions, forming large forests in the higher altitudes of the Rocky and California mountains, reaching into the British Possessions. The original form, discovered by Douglas near the mouth of the Columbia River (P. Bolanderi, Parlat), is a seaside tree, extending up and down the coast, resisting the ocean storms, as does P. Halepensis those of the Mediterranean, and protecting the inside vegetation; it is distinguished by its low, scrubby, and often shrubby growth (whence probably the name), and its slender leaves, not more than ^-f" wide; northward, in British Columbia and Alaska, both forms com¬ pletely run together. The species was formerly confounded with the East¬ ern P. inops, which differs by its lateral, more or less pedunculated cones; it is more closely allied with the Northern P. Banksiana, which, however, bears its scarcely prickly or entirely unarmed, mostly lateral, rarely sub- terminal,j3ones erect or patulous, never recurved: a very unusual occurrence among pines. The cones of the Rocky Mountain form, and also those of the seaside scrub, are usually persistent for many years, and often remain closed after maturity (serotinous), while in the variety of the Sierras they appear to open on maturity, and. to drop before the following season, as Prof C S. Sargent observed. JuNiPEEUS Vieginiana, Linn.; Engelm. American Junip. in Trans. Ac. St Louis, 3, 591.—Santa Fd, N. Mex., Rothrock, in 1874 (43). Readily distinguished by its slender branchlets and leaves with entire margins. JUNIPEEUS OCCIDENTALIS, Hook.,Var. MONOSPEEMA, Engelm. Juuip.590.— A small tree or a bush, with fibrous bark, squarrose branches, and obtuse, minutely denticulate leaves in twos and threes ; berries globose, blue-black, or sometimes copper-colored, 3-5" thick, resinous, pulpy; seeds 1 or 2.